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II X

We in this article about the inventions that were made by "accident." PENICILLIN




The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming is a clear example. Occurred in 1928 when he left a culture plate of staphylococci bacteria to the table in his laboratory and left for two weeks vacation. On his return he found that the crop had been contaminated with a fungus that prevented the bacteria grow. He had discovered the antibiotic









POST-IT NOTES
In 1970, chemist Spencer Silver was working on developing a very strong adhesive, in the 3M research laboratories. But he could not but an adhesive that did not hit much. By separating two pieces of pasted paper, he realized that the glue was both a paper and on the other, it seemed a pretty useless invention. Four years later, one of his colleagues who sang in the choir of the church had a brilliant idea. Always using bookmarks to mark pages in the songbook, but all the while you fell. Then, it occurred put them a layer of paste of Spencer. As if by magic, no longer moved or broken pages when removing them. They were born post-it notes. Currently, he is one of the best selling office supplies. CELLOPHANE


The idea of \u200b\u200bcellophane wrap transparent paper over known, appeared in the mind of a Swiss textile engineer, Jacques Brandenberger as he sat at table in a restaurant. Seeing that a guest had been spilled wine and had stained the whole cloth, he returned to his lab convinced that he could discover any way to cover the canvas with a transparent layer of impermeable back. He made many experiments with different materials and one of the times, applied to the fabric a viscous liquid. The experiment failed because the fabric was all stiff and brittle. However, Brandenberger realized that the layer could be separated out and remain as a transparent sheet that could have other applications. By 1908, developed a machine that produced a viscous transparent sheets which he called cellophane. VELCRO


The Velcro was invented in 1941 by Swiss engineer George de Mestral. The idea came to him when walking in the Alps to look at how to beat the spikelets of Setaria on your clothes and hair of the dog. Setaria examined under the microscope and decided to design a unique end copying the microscopic hooks spikelets. Mestral Although initially did not have much support and even laughed at him, stood his ground. Using the method of trial and error, found that the nylon, sewn with infrared beams, was about resistant hooks that stuck very easily to a nylon cloth smooth and velvety. Velcro name comes from the French velours (velvet) and English crochet (hook).






Luck is not enough in these key findings. Scientists and inventors have to have an open mind and prepared to detect and understand the importance of those unforeseen incidents and use them constructively. As he said in his famous French scientist Louis Pasteur: "In the field of observation, chance favors only the prepared mind."